Archive for the ‘Prostate Cancer’ Category

Prostate Cancer – Staging Prostate Cancer

If cancer is found in the prostate, the doctor needs to know the stage of the disease and the grade of the tumor. Staging is a careful attempt to find out whether the cancer has spread and, if so, what parts of the body are affected. The grade tells how closely the tumor resembles normal [...]

Prostate Cancer – Planning Treatment

A team of specialists often treats people with cancer. The team will keep the primary doctor informed about the patient’s progress. The team may include a medical oncologist who is a specialist in cancer treatment, a surgeon, a radiation oncologist who is a specialist in radiation therapy, and others.
Before starting treatment, you may want another [...]

Prostate Cancer Symptoms and Diagnosis

Most cancers in their early, most treatable stages don’t cause any symptoms. Early prostate cancer usually does not cause symptoms.

However, if prostate cancer develops and is not treated, it can cause these symptoms:

a need to urinate frequently, especially at night
difficulty starting urination or holding back urine

Possible symptoms of prostate cancer:

inability to urinate
weak [...]

Prostate Cancer Causes and Risk Factors

Scientists don’t know exactly what causes prostate cancer. They cannot explain why one man gets prostate cancer and another does not. However, they have been able to identify some risk factors that are associated with the disease. A risk factor is anything that increases your chances of getting a disease.
Age is the most important risk [...]

Prostate Cancer Defined

The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow, divide, and produce more cells as needed to keep the body healthy and functioning properly. Sometimes, however, the process goes wrong — cells become abnormal and form more cells in an uncontrolled way.
These extra cells form a mass of tissue, called a [...]

How does a patient decide what the best treatment option is for localized prostate cancer?

Choosing a treatment option involves the patient, his family, and one or more doctors. They will need to consider the grade and stage of the cancer, the man’s age and health, and his values and feelings about the potential benefits and harms of each treatment option. Since both surgery and radiation therapy are options for [...]

How is localized prostate cancer treated?

Three treatment options are generally accepted for men with localized prostate cancer: Radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy (with or without hormonal therapy), and active surveillance (also called watchful waiting).
* Radical prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the entire prostate gland and nearby tissues. Sometimes lymph nodes in the pelvic area (the lower part of the [...]

How is prostate cancer diagnosed?

A diagnosis of prostate cancer can be confirmed only by biopsy. During a biopsy, a urologist (a doctor who specializes in diseases of urinary and sex organs in men, and urinary organs in women) removes tissue samples, usually with a needle. This is generally done in the doctor’s office with local anesthesia. Then, a pathologist [...]

Does prostate cancer screening save lives?

The benefits of screening and local therapy (surgery or radiation therapy) for early prostate cancer remain unclear, and it is not known for certain whether prostate cancer screening saves lives. Because of this uncertainty, NCI, which is part of the National Institutes of Health, is supporting research to learn more about screening for prostate cancer. [...]

How reliable are the screening tests for prostate cancer?

Neither of the screening tests for prostate cancer is perfect. Most men with an elevated PSA level do not have prostate cancer (false positives), and some men with prostate cancer have a low PSA level (false negatives). The DRE is also associated with false positives and false negatives. Using the DRE and PSA together will [...]

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